At Pennal near Machynlleth in 1406, Owain Glyndŵr wrote to the King of France outlining his vision for a new, independent Wales.

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Owain called at least two parliaments - in Machynlleth and Harlech. Although we know little about them, we know that Glyndŵr called four representatives from each commote in Wales to his parliament in Harlech in 1405.

Parliaments

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A Church for Wales

Owain campaigned to ensure that the bishops were Welsh and Welsh-speaking. St David’s would be the seat for the Bishop of Wales, and income from the monasteries would remain in Wales.

Universities

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Glyndŵr declared his plans for two universities for Wales—one in the north and one in the south. At the time there were only 22 universities in the whole of Europe, and it took nearly five centuries for his dream to be realized.

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